Nataliia Novorodovska
ORCID: 0000-0002-7369-4344
DOI: 10.17721/2522–4611.2020.41.2
SCIENTIFIC AND EDUCATIONAL PROCESSES IN THE TERRITORY
OF THE USSR IN THE 1960-1980s THROUGH THE PRISM OF SOCIO-
CULTURAL CHANGE IN THE LINGUISTIC SPHERE
Abstract. The article analyzes the transformation of scientific and educational processes in the USSR through the lens of socio-cultural changes in the linguistics sphere. Resolutions and legislative acts of the 1960s-1980s that directly stimulated the spread of the Russian language in higher, elementary, secondary and special educational institutions were investigated. The percentages of Ukrainian-speaking and Russian-speaking schools in Galicia, Donbass and Transcarpathian regions are given. A list of scientific works published exclusively in Russian and of strategic importance for the scientific and technical potential of the Soviet Union is provided. The measures used by the communist party nomenclature to spread the Russian language in the scientific and educational sphere are analyzed. In particular, faculties and courses were created for future teachers of Russian language and literature; the material and technical support of schools for educational, scientific, methodical, artistic and reference literature for children in Russian increased; the introduction of Russian into the first grades of comprehensive schools with Ukrainian language was introduced and the division into groups of Russian language and literature groups into higher education institutions. As a result of the purposeful Russification of the national school, the number of hours for studying Russian was increased, with a further rise in salaries for teachers of Russian language and literature up to 15%.
As a result of the study, it was found that the Ukrainian language has lost a dominant role in the scientific and educational sphere. The population of the USSR in general, and the USSR in particular, which considered the mother tongue of its nationality to decrease annually. Russian gained the status of "state", and therefore languages of all-Union importance. In turn, Ukrainian did not become prestigious and gradually disappeared from the educational institutions of the republic. The party's anti-Ukrainian policy has led to the Ukrainians deliberately, without much resistance, abandoning their ancestors' language in favor of a foreign and communist ideology of the Russian language.
Keywords: education, science, language, Ukrainianization, Russification, resolution.
Received by the editorial board: 10.12.2019
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