Anastasiia Saienko
Postgraduate student
Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv,
Kyiv, Ukraine
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3690-4505
DOI: 10.17721/2522-4611.2023.48.5
ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE OF THE ORDER OF THE TEMPLARS ACCORDING TO THE «REGULA PAUPERUM COMMILITONUM CHRISTI TEMPLIQUE SALOMONICI»
The article is devoted to the study of the organizational structure of the Knights Templar according to the Rule of the Templars. The author aims to investigate the impact of the Rule on the structural and functional organization of the Knights Templar. The study is based on a comprehensive approach, including the analysis of primary sources (the Latin Rule (Regula Pauperum Commilitonum Christi Templique Salomonici), chronicles, papal bulls) and literature (scientific articles, monographs). The methods were used: textual analysis, socio-cultural analysis, comparative studies, historical reconstruction, and content analysis.
The study found that the Latin Rule was a key element in the organizational design of the Knights Templar. The Rule regulated not only the military and religious aspects of the Order's activities, but also social, economic, and medical ones. It established the hierarchical structure, rules of conduct, duties and privileges of the Order's members, which contributed to the organization's efficiency and adaptability.
The Rule played a key role in the formation of the Knights Templar as an effective and disciplined military-monastic organization. It not only provided the legal and organizational framework for the Order's activities, but also reflected its cultural and spiritual values.
Key words: medieval studies, Catholic Church, Crusades, military orders, the Order of the Templars, the Latin Rule, Hugo de Paine, Bernard of Clairvaux.
Received by the editorial board: 4.09.2023.
REFERENCES
Addison, C. (2012). The History of the Knights Templars. New York: Skyhorse Publishing, 604 [іn English].
Barber, M., & Bate, K. (2002). The Templars:selected sources. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 353 [іn English].
Bernard of Clairvaux. (2002). In Praise of the New Knighthood. In The Templars:selected sources. Manchester: Manchester University, 215–227 [іn English].
Campbell, G. (2010). The Knights Templar; Their Rise and Fall. Whitefish: Kessinger Publishing, 358 [іn English].
Costello H. (2015). The First Life of Bernard of Clairvaux by William of Saint-Thierry, Arnold of Bonneval, and Geoffrey of Auxerre. Collegeville: Liturgical Press, 119 [іn English].
Jacques de Vitry. (1972). Historia Occidentalis, Hinnebusch, Fribourg: The University Press, 314 [іn Latin].
Latin Rule of 1129. (2002) In The Templars: selected sources. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 31-54 [іn English].
Marquis d'Albon. (2011). Cartulaire general de l'Ordre du Temple. Paris: Editorial Maxtor, 644 [іn French].
Omne Datum Optimum. In The Templars:selected sources. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 59 – 65 [іn English].
Burgtorf, J., Lotan, S., & Mallorquí-Ruscalleda, E. (2021). The Templars: The Rise, Fall, and Legacy of a Military Religious Order. London: Routledge, 363 [іn English].
Upton-Ward, J. (1972). he French Text of the Rule of the Order of the Knights Templar. Suffolk: The Boydell Press, 200 [іn English].
Wojtowicz, R. (1991). The Original Rule Of The Knights Templar: A Translation With Introduction. Kalamazoo, Western Michigan University, 88 [іn English].
Bodnariuk, B. (1995). Vynyknennia ta rozvytok katolytskykh chernechykh ordeniv Yevropy u VI-XVI stolittiaх [The emergence and development of Catholic monastic orders in Europe in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries]. Kyiv: 22 [іn Ukrainian].
Gorbach, T. (2017). Inter pacem et bellum: Polshcha i Nimetskyi orden u XIII – na pochatku XV st. [Inter pacem et bellum: Poland and the German Order in the Thirteenth and Early Fifteenth Centuries]. Kyiv: NAS of Ukraine, Vernadsky National Library of Ukraine, 200 [іn Ukrainian].
Demurger, A. (2008). Zhizn' i smert' ordena tamplierov [Life and Death of the Templar Order]. St. Petersburg: Eurasia, 391 [іn Russian].
Jones, D. (2022). Tampliiery. Narodzhennia ta zahybelʹ ordenu. [The Templars. The Rise and Fall of God’s Holy Warriors]. Kyiv: Vivat, 544 [іn Ukrainian].
Melville, M. (2003). Istoriia ordena tamplierov [The history of the Templar order]. St. Petersburg: Eurasia, 366 [іn Russian].
Pierce, P. (2011). Tampliery [The Templars]. Moscow: AST, 352 [іn Russian].
Tirsky, G. (2015). Istoriia sviashchennoi viiny. Istoriia zakhidnoyevropeiskoho seredniovichchia. [The history of the holy war. In History of the West European Middle Ages]. A textbook. Kyiv: Lybid, 428 - 430 [іn Ukrainian].
Yacheikin, Y. (2008). Neznani tampliiery [Unknown Templars]. Kyiv: Gamazin, 352 [іn Ukrainian].