Iryna Avtushenko
Doctor of historical science, associate Professor of Department of Theory and History of the State and law of the National Transport University.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3987-4034
DOI: 10.17721/2522-4611.2021.44.12
UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES: HISTORY AND MODERNITY
Abstract. The purpose of the article is to research the history of creation, development and use of the unmanned aerial vehicles in a hybrid war and Russia’s armed aggression against Ukraine. The methodology of the research is based on the use of the principles of historicism, objectivity, systematicity. The author explored the processes and events in chronological order that took place in Ukraine. Such general historical methods as historical-comparative, retrospective and problematic were used. The scientific novelty is that the influence of internal and external factors on the development and use of unmanned aerial vehicles in the Armed Forces of Ukraine is examined for the first time in Ukrainian and foreign historiography. In the particular, the influence of military actions in the east of Ukraine on the development of unmanned aerial vehicles and their production is analyzed. The emergence and development of unmanned aerial vehicles is one of the greatest achievements in modern aviation in recent decades. The greatest success in the development of unmanned aerial vehicles were achieved by Israel, the United States and China. Ukraine was far behind, although in Soviet times the «Antonov» plant carried out such developments. The study proves that with the beginning of hostilities the work on creation of domestic drones for the needs of the Armed Forces of Ukraine has been intensified. The research also established that the first Ukrainian serial reconnaissance drone «Spectator» was developed by students of Kyiv Polytechnic Institute named after Igor Sikorsky. As for the equipping itself with the latest high-tech equipment, the Ukrainian army has gone from homemade drones to world-class percussion vehicles. In order to be modern and effective, the Armed Forces of Ukraine need to pay considerable attention to the development of its own unmanned aerial vehicles in the near future, as well as to use the ways of combatting enemy drones.
Key words: unmanned aerial vehicles, combat drones, development, armament, Armed Forces of Ukraine.
Received by the editorial board: 2.03.2021
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