Yaroslav Kalakura
Yaroslav Kalakura
Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor of the
Department of Archival Studies and Special Branches of Historical Science,
Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
ORCID: https:// orcid.org/0000-0001-9007-4991
DОІ: 10.17721/2522-4611.2022.46.6
UKRAINIAN HISTORIOGRAPHY ON THE WAY OF DIGITALIZATION
Relevance and purpose of the article. In response to information and globalization processes in the modern world, to the occupation-genocide war of Russia against Ukraine reconstruction and transformation of sciences is ongoing, including Ukrainian historiography in electronic form, which is accompanied by an update of methodological, cognitive-scientific, educational, ideological and educational functions, enrichment of the source base at the expense of electronic information resources, expansion of the issues of scientific research studies, transfer of research results into digital form, and hence the new format of their presentations and introduction into social practices. The research methodology is based on taking into account the assets of predecessors, systematic adherence to the principles of historicism, continuity, anthropological, sociocultural and critical-analytical approaches, the involvement of methods of historiographical analysis and synthesis, comparative studies, methods of historical-chronological, historical-genetic knowledge and personal reflections. Presentation of the material built in four blocks: a) methodological and terminological foundations of the formation of electronic historiography; b) formation of historiographical sources in digital format and involvement of their information resources; c) creation of electronic historiographical texts; d) traditional and public historiography in the digital information space. Systematized information about the format and content of electronic web portals and websites of academic historical institutions, historical faculties and departments of national universities, creation of electronic texts based on the involvement of sources and literature on electronic carrier, formation of public history in digital format. Highlighted the value of electronic information resources of libraries, archives, museums for the development of historiography, the historiographical context of the concepts «electronic source» and «informational electronic resource» is clarified. Separated place and role in the structure of the source base historiography of electronic information resources of social networks, Internet communities, bloggers, in particular Facebook, YouTube, WhatsApp, Viber, Instagram, Twitter, Telegram, Messenger etc. Expressed a warning about the need to be critical of information, drawn from social networks, checking their authenticity, comparison with other sources, specified, th at they are often used for disinformation and manipulation of consciousness through fake posts, for compromising historians, which was especially evident in the conditions of the current war and Russia's informational aggression against Ukraine, the «war of histories», the imposition of the paradigm of «one nation» and «Russian peace».
Conclusions and suggestions. Formation of electronic Ukrainian historiography, involvement in scientific studies of sources on digital media, the creation of electronic texts is intended to contribute to the new quality of research work, formation of a new generation of scientists as a response to the challenges of the digital revolution, globalization of the modern world, the information explosion and Russia's war against Ukraine. It is important to continue further research into the problems of the formation and development of digital historiography, updating the methodology, increasingly wider involvement of electronic information resources and increasing on this basis its role as a system of scientific knowledge and educational discipline on the development of historical science.
Key words: challenges of Russia's war against Ukraine, digitization of history, electronic format of Ukrainian historiography, electronic source, electronic information resources, libraries, archives, digitization of historical texts, integration into the global information space.
Received by the editorial board: 8.09.2022
REFERENCES:
Bazhenov, V. A. (2016). Informatyka. Kompiuterna tekhnika. Kompiuterni tekhnolohii [Informatics. Computer technology. Computer technologies]: pidruchnyk. Kyiv: Karavela, 592 [in Ukrainian].
Betlii, O. (2020). Tsyfrova istoriia – osuchasnene maibutnie istoryka? [Digital history - the modern future of the historian?]. URL: https://Kyiv/Ivivcenter./tsyfrova-istoriia (Data zvernennia 27.12.2021) [in Ukrainian].
Bilan, N. I. (2015). Transformatsiia sotsialnykh komunikatsii v informatsiinii sferi. [Transformation of social communications in the information sphere]. Informatsiine suspilstvo [Information society]. Kyiv, 22, 73-77 [in Ukrainian].
Boriak, H. (2013). Do pytannia pro stan i perspektyvy rozvytku merezhevykh informatsiinykh resursiv sotsiohumanitarnykh nauk. [To the question of the state and prospects of development of network information resources of socio-humanitarian sciences]. Spetsialni istorychni dystsypliny [Special historical disciplines]. Kyiv, 21, 9 - 26 [in Ukrainian].
Derzhavna arkhivna sluzhba Ukrainy.[State Archival Service of Ukraine]. URL: https://www.archives.gov.ua/ (Дата zvernennia 25.07.2022) [in Ukrainian].
Zhabin, S. O. (2013). Vynyknennia ta stanovlennia informatyky v Ukraini (70-80 rr. ХХ st.). [The emergence and formation of informatics in Ukraine (70-80s of the twentieth century)]. Dysertatsiia kand. ist. nauk: 07.00.07. Kyiv, 200 [in Ukrainian].
Zhdanovych, O. (2009). Dosvid zastosuvannia elektronnykh baz danykh v istorychnykh doslidzhenniakh. [Experience of using electronic databases in historical research]. Istoryko-heohrafichni doslidzhennia v Ukraini [Historical and geographical research in Ukrainian]: Zb. nauk. pr. 11. Kyiv, 11, 256-275 [in Ukrainian].
Zhdanovych, O. (2005). Istoriohrafichni aspekty naukovoi informatyky [Historiographical aspects of scientific informatics]. Spetsialni istorychni dystsypliny: pytannia teorii ta metodyky [Special historical disciplines: issues of theory and methodology]. Kyiv, 12, 154-168 [in Ukrainian].
(2017). Istorychne dzhereloznavstvo: pidruch. dlia stud. vyshch. navch. zakl. [Historical Source Studies: textbook for students of higher educational institutions]. Ya. S. Kalakura - keriv. avtor. kol. Vyd.2-he, dop.i pererob. Kyiv: Lybid, 512 [in Ukrainian].
Kalakura, Ya. S. (2020). Elektronni dzherela v strukturi sotsiokulturnoi informatsii. [Electronic sources in the structure of socio-cultural information]. Kulturno-istorychna spadshchyna Ukrainy: perspektyvy doslidzhennia ta tradytsii zberezhennia [Cultural and historical heritage of Ukraine: research perspectives and preservation traditions]. U 2-kh chast. Cherkasy: ChDTU, 1, 3 - 6 [in Ukrainian].
Kalakura, Ya. S. (2021). Instytutsionalizatsiia elektronnoho arkhivoznavstva yak naukovoi ta navchalnoi dystsypliny. [Institutionalization of electronic archival science as a scientific and educational discipline]. Arkhivistyka: teoriia, metodyka, praktyka [Archivistics: theory, methodology, practice]: materialy Druhoi mizhnarodnoi naukovo-praktychnoi konferentsii (22-23 kvitnia 2021r., m. Kamianets-Podilskyi). Kamianets-Podilskyi: Ruta, 88-93 [in Ukrainian].
Kalakura, Ya. S. (2012). Klasyfikatsiia dzherel intelektualnoi istorii Ukrainy. Istorychnyi arkhiv [Historical archive]:naukovi studii. Mykolaiv: Vyd-vo ChDU im. Petra Mohyly, 8, 106-113 [in Ukrainian].
Kalakura, Ya. S. (2016). Metodolohiia istoriohrafichnoho doslidzhennia : naukovo-metodychnyi posibnyk. [Methodology of historiographical research: scientific and methodological manual]. Kyiv: VPTs Kyivskyi universytet, 319 [in Ukrainian].
Kalakura, Ya.S. (2012). Ukrainska istoriohrafiia. [Ukrainian historiography. Kurs lektsii: navch. posibnyk. Course of lectures: textbook. Second edition, supplement. Vyd. druhe, dop. Kyiv: Heneza, 512 [in Ukrainian].
Kalakura, Ya. S., Paliienko, M. H. (2021). Kontseptualizatsiia elektronnoho arkhivoznavstva v konteksti tsyfrovizatsii ukrainskoho suspilstva. [Conceptualization of electronic archival science in the context of digitalization of Ukrainian society]. Arkhivy Ukrainy [Archives of Ukraine], 3, 36-65 [in Ukrainian].
Kovalova, A. (2013). Problemy akademichnoho plahiatu ta avtorskoho prava u tsyfrovomu prostori Ukrainy. [Problems of academic plagiarism and copyright in the digital space of Ukraine]. Spetsialni istorychni dystsypliny [Special historical disciplines]. Kyiv, 21, 61-71 [in Ukrainian].
Kovtaniuk, Iu. S. (2011). Elektronnyi dokument yak obiekt doslidzhennia elektronnoho dokumentoznavstva. [Electronic document as an object of study of electronic documentation]. Terminolohiia dokumentoznavstva ta sumizhnykh haluzei znan [Terminology of document studies and related fields of knowledge]: zbirnyk naukovykh prats. Kyiv, 5, 237–243 [in Ukrainian].
Konoval, L. (2017). Elektronni bibliotechno-informatsiini resursy v suchasnykh naukovykh komunikatsiiakh. [Electronic library and information resources in modern scientific communications]. Bibliotechnyi visnyk [Library Bulletin], 6, 48. URL: http://nbuv.gov.ua/UJRN/bv.(Дата zvernennia: 23.04.2019) [in Ukrainian].
Kostenko, L., Symonenko, T., Zhabin, O. (2018). Tsyfrova humanitarystyka v bibliotetsi: vid e-katalohu doi 10.15421/26190105 61 do naukometrii. [Digital humanities in the library: from e-catalog doi 10.15421/26190105 61 to scientometrics]. Bibliotechnyi visnyk [Library Bulletin], 4, 3-9 [in Ukrainian].
Kulikov, V. (2013). Digital History: stanovlennia, suchasnyi stan, perspektyvy. [Digital History: formation, current state, prospects}. Special historical disciplines. [Spetsialni istorychni dystsypliny]. Kyiv, 21, 27-44 [in Ukrainian].
Levchuk, O. (2020). Arkhivni elektronni informatsiini resursy yak dzherelo istorychnoi informatsii. [Archival electronic information resources as a source of historical information]. Arkhivy Ukrainy [Archives of Ukraine], 4, 52-70 [in Ukrainian].
Motenko, Ya., Shyshkina, Ye. (2021). Metodolohichni aspekty zastosuvannia tsyfrovoi istorii u humanitarnii osviti viiskovosluzhbovtsiv Zbroinykh Syl Ukrainy. [Metodolohichni aspekty zastosuvannia tsyfrovoi istorii u humanitarnii osviti viiskovosluzhbovtsiv]. Voienno-istorychnyi visnyk [Military historical bulletin]. Kyiv, 41/3, 146-156 [in Ukrainian].
Nalyvaiko, N. Ya. (2011). Informatyka [Informatics]: navch. posibn. Kyiv: TsNL, 576 [in Ukrainian].
(2014). Natsionalni informatsiini resursy yak intehratyvnyi chynnyk vitchyznianoho sotsiokulturnoho seredovyshcha. [National information resources as an integrative factor of the national socio-cultural environment]: [O.S. Onyshchenko, V. M. Horovyi, V. I. Popyk ta in.]. Kyiv: NAN Ukrainy, Nats. b-ka Ukrainy im. V. I. Vernadskoho, 296 [in Ukrainian].
Nesterenko, O. V. (2003). Yedyna derzhavna systema elektronnykh informatsiinykh resursiv. [Unified state system of electronic information resources]. Naukovo-tekhnichna informatsiia [Scientific and technical information]. Kyiv, 4, 3-9 [in Ukrainian].
Papakin, H. V. (2010). Suchasna ukrainska internet-arkheohrafiia: osnovni formy ta dzherela elektronnykh publikatsii. [Modern Ukrainian Internet-archaeography: the main forms and sources of electronic publications]. Ukr. istor. zhurn. [Ukrainian historical journal], 5, 153-166 [in Ukrainian].
Papakin, H. (2021). "Tsyfrovyi povorot" u dzhereloznavstvi: realnist, perspektyva chy iliuziia? ["Digital Turn" in Source Studies: Reality, Prospect or Illusion?]. Ukr. istor. zhurn. [Ukrainian historical journal], 1, 153-169 [in Ukrainian].
Popyk, V. I. (2015). Kontseptualni zasady rozbudovy fundamentalnoi natsionalnoi elektronnoi biblioteky "Ukrainika". [Conceptual principles of development of the fundamental national electronic library "Ukrayinka"]. Bibliotechnyi visnyk [Library Bulletin], 2, 3-9 [in Ukrainian].
Pro dostup do publichnoi informatsii [On access to public information: The Law of Ukraine] vid 13.01.2011 № 2939-VI. Vidom. Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy [Information of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine]. 2011, 32, 314. Potochna redaktsiia vid 24.10.2020. URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2939-17#Text. (Data zvernennia: 21.08.2021) [in Ukrainian].
Pro Natsionalnyi arkhivnyi fond ta arkhivni ustanovy [ On the National Archival Fond and Archival Institutions: Law of Ukraine] vid 24.12.1993 № 3814-XII. Vidom. Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy [Information of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine], 1994, 15, 1, 4. Potochna redaktsiia vid 16.10.2020. URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/3814-12#Text. (Data zvernennia: 21.08.2021) [in Ukrainian].
Samoilenko, A. (2021). Osoblyvosti tsyfrovizatsii krain Yevropeiskoho Soiuzu v umovakh hlobalizatsii. [Features of digitalization of the countries of the European Union in the context of globalization]. Visnyk ekonomiky [Bulletin of the economy]. Kyiv, 1, 46-54 [in Ukrainian].
Sviatets, Yu. A. (2019). Tsyfrovi dzherela v doslidnytskykh praktykakh istorykiv: teoretyko-metodolohichnyi aspekt. [Digital sources in the research practices of historians: theoretical and methodological aspect]. Universum Historiae et Archeologiae = The Universe of History and Archeology. Dnipro, 2 (27), 1, 47–68 [in Ukrainian].
(2004). Ukrainska istoriohrafiia na zlami XX i XXI stolit: zdobutky i problemy. [Ukrainian historiography at the turn of XX and XXI centuries: achievements and problems]. Kolektyvna monohrafiia za redaktsiieiu Leonida Zashkilniaka. Lviv: LNU, 405 [in Ukrainian].
Khromov, A. (2020). «Kovidna» kolektsiia ["Covid" collection...]. 14.10.2020. URL: //https://archives.gov.ua › (Data zvernennia 16.12.2021) [in Ukrainian].
Tsymbalenko, Ye. S. (2012). Naukove rozuminnia informatyzatsii u teorii sotsialnykh komunikatsii. [Scientific understanding of informatization in the theory of social communications]. Kyiv: Tsentr Vilnoi Presy, 189 [in Ukrainian].
Chekalenko, L. D. (2021). Publichna istoriia: nove vidkryttia chy pryzabuta davnist? [Public history: a new discovery or forgotten antiquity?]. Problemy vsesvitnoi istorii [Problems of world history], 1 (14), 164-175 [in Ukrainian].
Shvetsova-Vodka, H. M. (2007). Dokumentoznavstvo [Documentation]: navch. posib. Kyiv: Znannia, 398 [in Ukrainian].
Boonstra, O., Breure, L., Doorn, P. (2004). Past, Present аnd Future оf Historical Information Science. Amsterdam. 786 р.
Cohen, D., Rosenzweig, R. (2006). Digital History: A Guide To Gathering, Preserving, and Presenting the Past on the Web [eTexts]. Philadelphia. 316р.
Hockey, S. (2004). The History of Humanities Computing. A Companion to Digital Humanities. Oxford. Р. 46-58.
Rosenzweig, R. (2011). Clio Wired: The Future of the Past in the Digital Age. New York: Columbia University Press. 336 p.
Salmi, H. (2020). What is Digital History? Medford: Polity Press. 130 р.