Eduard Semeshyn
Master of History,
Romny, Ukraine
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5022-203X
DOI: 10.17721/2522-4611.2024.50.6
STALIN'S REPRESSIONS AGAINST OPPOSITION SUPPORTERS IN THE SUMY REGION
(ON THE EXAMPLE OF ROMNY DISTRICT)
Abstract. The article analyzes several archival and criminal cases of repressed teachers (mainly P. P. Pavlyuchenko and K. F. Savytskyi) who were arrested as supporters of the opposition (L. Trotskyi, L. Kamenev and G. Zinoviev). These cases reveal the methods of investigation by NKVD officers in the territory of the current Romny district of Sumy region. The research aims to analyze the criminal cases of several repressed teachers in the 1930s in the Romny region by studying the protocols of interrogation of witnesses and defendants. The scientific novelty of this article lies in the fact that for the first time a separate study was published to cover political repressions against teachers in the territory of the present-day Romny district who were accused of sympathizing with the opposition. Also, for the first time, an attempt was made to study the archival and criminal case of K.F. Savytskyi, who served as the first secretary of the Romny District Party Committee. The methodological basis for the study is the principles of historicism, objectivism, a combination of systemic and regional approaches aimed at scientific and critical analysis of a set of historical sources. Conclusions. On the example of several archival criminal cases of repressed persons, we can trace certain specifics of the work of punitive bodies. One of the main points of accusation in almost all cases of the repressed was their unwillingness to expose “enemies of the people” or connections with such enemies. Witnesses in the cases were people who may have been interested in exposing the “enemies” for their own reasons or who testified under pressure (including physical pressure) from NKVD officers.
Key words: the Great Terror, repressions against educators, Trotskyism, Kazymyr Savytskyi.
Received by the editorial board: 31.08.2024.
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